"""Utilities for SAR sensor parameters.""" ############################################################ # Program is part of MintPy # # Copyright (c) 2013, Zhang Yunjun, Heresh Fattahi # # Author: Zhang Yunjun, 2016 # ############################################################ # Recommend import: # from mintpy.objects import sensor import os SENSOR_NAME_VARIATION = { 'alos' : ['alos', 'alos1', 'palsar', 'palsar1'], 'alos2' : ['alos2', 'palsar2'], 'alos4' : ['alos4', 'palsar3'], 'csk' : ['csk', 'csk1', 'csk2', 'csk3', 'csk4', 'cos', 'cosmo', 'cosmoskymed'], 'env' : ['env', 'envisat', 'asar'], 'ers' : ['ers', 'ers1', 'ers2', 'ers12'], 'gf3' : ['gfen3', 'gaofen3', 'g3', 'gaofen'], 'jers' : ['jers', 'jers1'], 'ksat5' : ['ksat5', 'kompsat5', 'kompsat', 'kmps5'], 'lt1' : ['lt1', 'lt', 'lutan', 'lutan1'], 'ni' : ['ni', 'nisar'], 'rs1' : ['rs1', 'rsat', 'rsat1', 'radarsat', 'radarsat1'], 'rs2' : ['rs2', 'rsat2', 'radarsat2'], 'rcm' : ['rcm', 'rsatc', 'radarsat-constellation', 'radarsat-constellation-mission'], 'sen' : ['sen', 's1', 's1a', 's1b', 'sent1', 'sentinel1', 'sentinel1a', 'sentinel1b'], 'tsx' : ['tsx', 'terra', 'terrasar', 'terrasarx', 'tdx', 'tandemx'], 'uav' : ['uav', 'uavsar'], } # duplicated in mintpy.cli.prep_gamma SENSOR_NAMES = list(SENSOR_NAME_VARIATION.keys()) ########################### Util functions ################################### def standardize_sensor_name(sensor_name): """""" # decode if encoded try: sensor_name = sensor_name.decode() except (UnicodeDecodeError, AttributeError): pass # remove -_ and user lower case before standardize sensor names sensor_name = sensor_name.replace('-', '').replace('_', '').lower() if sensor_name in SENSOR_NAMES: # if input name is already standardized, do nothing pass else: # otherwise, check all the possible variations for key, values in SENSOR_NAME_VARIATION.items(): if sensor_name in values: sensor_name = key else: pass return sensor_name def project_name2sensor_name(proj_names): """Get sensor name from project_name or path Parameters: proj_names : str or list of str, name or path of template file containing project name Returns: sensor : str, SAR sensor name proj_name : str, project name Examples: ('Sen', 'AlcedoSenDT128') = project_name2sensor_name('AlcedoSenDT128') ('Env', 'GalapagosEnvA2T061') = project_name2sensor_name('~/insarlab/GalapagosEnvA2T061/'+ 'mintpy/GalapagosEnvA2T061.template') """ sensor = None proj_name = None if isinstance(proj_names, str): proj_names = [proj_names] proj_names = [p for p in proj_names if p is not None] # get proj_name if input is the path of template file for proj_path in proj_names: if any(s in proj_path.lower() for s in SENSOR_NAMES) and proj_name is None: # exclude known words overlapping with sensor names # ers: users proj_path_segs = [p for p in proj_path.split(os.sep) if p.lower() not in ['users']] for proj_path_seg in proj_path_segs: if any(s.capitalize() in proj_path_seg for s in SENSOR_NAMES): proj_name = os.path.splitext(proj_path_seg)[0] # proj_name --> sensor if proj_name: # potetial sensor names # priority: captialized_case > all_upper_case > all_lower_case sensors = [s.capitalize() for s in SENSOR_NAMES if s.capitalize() in proj_name] if len(sensors) == 0: sensors = [s.capitalize() for s in SENSOR_NAMES if s.upper() in proj_name] if len(sensors) == 0: sensors = [s.capitalize() for s in SENSOR_NAMES if s.lower() in proj_name] if len(sensors) > 0: # if more than one, i.e. ['Alos','Alos2'], use the last one sensor = sorted(sensors)[-1] else: msg = f"No sensor name found in project_name: {proj_name}\n" msg += f"Available sensor names: {SENSOR_NAMES}" raise ValueError(msg) return sensor, proj_name def get_unavco_mission_name(meta_dict): """Get mission name in UNAVCO InSAR Archive format from attribute mission/PLATFORM Parameters: meta_dict : dict, attributes Returns: mission : str, mission name in standard UNAVCO format. """ mission_name = None if 'mission' in meta_dict.keys(): value = meta_dict['mission'].lower() elif 'PLATFORM' in meta_dict.keys(): value = meta_dict['PLATFORM'].lower() else: print('No PLATFORM nor mission attribute found, can not identify mission name.') print('return None') return mission_name # Convert to UNAVCO Mission name ## ERS, ENV, S1, RS1, RS2, CSK, TSX, JERS, ALOS, ALOS2 if value.startswith(('alos', 'palsar')): if value.endswith('2'): mission_name = 'ALOS2' else: mission_name = 'ALOS' elif value.startswith(('csk', 'cos')): mission_name = 'CSK' elif value.startswith(('env', 'asar')): mission_name = 'ENV' elif value.startswith('ers'): mission_name = 'ERS' elif value.startswith('jers'): mission_name = 'JERS' elif value.startswith(('rs', 'rsat', 'radarsat')): mission_name = 'RS' if value.endswith('1'): mission_name += '1' else: mission_name += '2' elif value.startswith(('s1', 'sen')): mission_name = 'S1' elif value.startswith(('tsx', 'tdx', 'terra', 'tandem')): mission_name = 'TSX' elif value.startswith('uav'): mission_name = 'UAV' else: print('Un-recognized PLATFORM attribute:', value) print('return None') return mission_name ########################### Hardwired parameters ############################# ## References: # Giudici, D., A. Monti Guarnieri, and J. P. Cuesta Gonzalez (2017), Pre-Flight # SAOCOM-1A SAR Performance Assessment by Outdoor Campaign, Remote Sensing, 9(7), # 729, doi:10.3390/rs9070729. # Guarnieri, A. M. (2013), Introduction to RADAR, Politecnico di Milano Dipartimento # di Elettronica e Informazione, Milano. # Kim, Y., and R. L. Jordan (2006), Spaceborne SAR Antennas for Earth Science, # in Spaceborne Antennas for Planetary Exploration, edited by W. A. Imbriale, # pp. 305-340, doi:10.1002/0470052783.ch6. # Jung, H.-S., W.-J. Lee, and L. Zhang (2014), Theoretical accuracy of along-track # displacement measurements from multiple-aperture interferometry (MAI), Sensors (Basel), # 14(9), 17703-17724, doi:10.3390/s140917703. # Zebker, H. A., C. L. Werner, P. A. Rosen, and S. Hensley (1994), Accuracy of topographic maps # derived from ERS-1 interferometric radar, Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on, # 32(4), 823-836, doi:10.1109/36.298010. ## Signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and Noise Equivalent Sigma Zero (NESZ): # ERS : SNR = 11.7 dB from Table 2 in Zebker et al. (1994) # Envisat : SNR = 19.5 dB from Table 3.3 in Guarnieri (2013) # Sentinel-1 : NESZ = -22 dB from Table 1 in https://sentinels.copernicus.eu/web/sentinel/ # user-guides/sentinel-1-sar/acquisition-modes/interferometric-wide-swath # JERS : SNR = 14 dB from https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/j/jers-1 ##-------------------- X-band --------------------## # TerraSAR-X stripmap mode in single polarization # from Table 1 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/terrasar-x TSX = { # orbit 'altitude' : 514.8e3, # m, mean value, 505-533 km 'orbit_inclination' : 97.44, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 11, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 9.65e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 4.8, # m 'antenna_width' : 0.8, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 2770, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 3800, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 100e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 109.89e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 2.0, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 2.2, # m } # COSMO-SkyMed stripmap HIMAGE mode # from Table 1 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/cosmo-skymed CSK = { # orbit 'altitude' : 619.6e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.86, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 16, # day, single satellite # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 9.6e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 5.7, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.4, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 2670, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 3000, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 117e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 146.25e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 2.4, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 1.6, # m } # Kompsat-5 (Korea Multi-Purpose Satellite-5) stripmap mode # from Table 1 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/kompsat-5 KSAT5 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 550e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 98.1, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 28, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 9.66e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 4.48, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 3110, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 3530, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 73.24e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 88.125e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 2.1, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 2.7, # m } # ICEYE SAR constellation # from Table 2.1 in ICEYE SAR Product Guide at: # https://earth.esa.int/eogateway/documents/20142/37627/ICEYE-SAR-Product-Guide-V4.pdf # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/iceye-constellation ICEYE = { # orbit 'altitude' : 570e3, # m, mean value, 560-580 km 'orbit_inclination' : 97.7, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 17, # day, single satellite # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 9.65e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 3.2, # m 'antenna_width' : 0.4, # m 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : [2e3, 10e3], # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : [37.6e6, 299e6], # Hz } ##-------------------- C-band --------------------## # ERS-1/2 # from Table 2 in Jung et al. (2014) # from Imaging Radar class by Howard Zebker, 2021. # https://www.esa.int/esapub/bulletin/bullet83/duc83.htm # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/ers-1 ERS = { # orbit 'altitude' : 785e3, # m, mean value, 782-785 km 'orbit_inclination' : 98.52, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 35, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.30e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 10.0, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.0, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 1500, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1679.9, # Hz 'pulse_length' : 37.12e-6, # s 'chirp_bandwidth' : 15.55e6, # Hz 'chirp_slope' : 4.189166e11, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 18.96e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 4.2, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 20.2, # m } # Envisat # from Table 2 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://earth.esa.int/eogateway/missions/envisat/description # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/envisat#asar-advanced-sar ENV = { # orbit 'altitude' : 799.8e3, # m, mean value, 780-820 km 'orbit_inclination' : 98.55, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 35, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.331e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 10.0, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.3, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 1500, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1650, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 16.00e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 18.00e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 4.3, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 21.3, # m } # Radarsat-1 # https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/radarsat/technical-features/radarsat-comparison.asp RSAT1 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 807e3, # m, mean value, 793-821 km 'orbit_inclination' : 98.6, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 14, # day, 14.29 orbits per day (14 7/24) # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.3e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 15, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.5, # m } # Radarsat-2 stripmap ultra-fine mode # from Table 2 in Jung et al. (2014) RSAT2 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 798e3, # m 'orbit_inclination' : 98.6, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 14, # day, 14.29 orbits per day (14 7/24) # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.405e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 6.55, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 2308, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 3637, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 78.16e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 112.68e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 2.2, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 2.1, # m } # Radarsat Constellation Mission # https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/satellites/radarsat/technical-features/radarsat-comparison.asp RCM = { # orbit 'altitude' : 600.5e3, # m, mean value, 586-615 km 'orbit_inclination' : 97.74, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 14, # day, 14.92 orbits per day (14 11/12) # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.405e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 6.75, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.38, # m } # GaoFen-3 # Table 2 & 6 in https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/g/gaofen-3 # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/gaofen-3 # Li et al. (2018, RS) at https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10121929 GF3 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 755e3, # m 'orbit_inclination' : 98.41, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 29, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.4e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 15, # m 'antenna_width' : 1.5, # m 'sampling_frequency' : 533.33e6, # Hz } # Sentinel-1 Interferometric Wide (IW / TOPS) swath mode # Typical value: # azfact = azResolution / azPixelSize = 1.46 # rgfact = rgResolution / rgPixelSize = 1.33 # reference: # 1. Table 2 & Fig. 5d in Jung et al. (2014) # 2. Table 3-1 & 7-5 in https://sentinel.esa.int/documents/247904/1877131/Sentinel-1-Product-Definition SEN = { # orbit 'altitude' : 705e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 98.18, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 12, # day, single satellite # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 5.405e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 12.3, # m 'antenna_width' : 0.82, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 380, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1717.13, # Hz, based on real data; 1000-3000 (programmable) 'chirp_bandwidth' : 56.50e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 64.35e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 14.1, # m, this is the ground azimuth pixel spacing, NOT on orbits! 'range_pixel_size' : 2.3, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 4.1, # m 'IW1' : {'range_resolution' : 2.7, 'azimuth_resolution': 22.5}, 'IW2' : {'range_resolution' : 3.1, 'azimuth_resolution': 22.7}, 'IW3' : {'range_resolution' : 3.5, 'azimuth_resolution': 22.6}, } ##-------------------- L-band --------------------## # Seasat # from Table 6-1 in Kim and Jordan (2006) # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/seasat SEASAT = { # orbit 'altitude' : 787e3, # m, mean value, 775-799 km 'orbit_inclination' : 108.0, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 17, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.275e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 10.74, # m 'antenna_width' : 2.16, # m 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1555, # Hz, 1463-1647 'chirp_bandwidth' : 19e6, # Hz } # JERS-1 # from Table 3 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/jers-1 JERS = { # orbit 'altitude' : 568e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.7, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 44, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.275e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 11.92, # m 'antenna_width' : 2.2, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 1157, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1600, # Hz, 1505-1606 'chirp_bandwidth' : 15.00e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 17.10e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 4.3, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 13.9, # m } # ALOS PALSAR FBS (fine beam single polarization) mode # from Table 3 in Jung et al. (2014) # https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/alos/a1_about_e.htm ALOS = { # orbit 'altitude' : 691.65e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 98.16, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 46, # day, sub cycle: 2 days # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.270e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 8.9, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 1700, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 2160, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 28.00e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 32.00e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 3.5, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 7.4, # m 'range_pixel_size' : { 'stripmap_FBD' : 9.37, # m 'stripmap_FBS' : 4.68, # m } } # ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 stripmap ultra-fine single polarization mode # from Table 3 in Jung et al. (2014) and eoPortal Table 10-11. # eoPortal: https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/alos-2 # Parameter Spotlight Stripmap ScanSAR # ultrafine / high- / fine # sensitive # Bandwidth (MHz) 84 84 42 28 14 # Ground reso (m) 3 x 1 3 6 10 100 # Swath (km) 25 x 25 50 50 70 350 # (FP:30) (FP:30) (5 looks) # Notes: FP for full polarization ALOS2 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 628e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.9, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 14, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.2575e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 9.9, # m 'antenna_width' : 2.9, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 1515, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 2000, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 84.0e6, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 100.0e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 3.8, # m 'ground_range_pixel_size' : 2.4, # m 'range_pixel_size' : { 'stripmap_ultrafine' : 1.43, # m 'stripmap_highsensitive' : 2.86, # m 'scansar_normal' : 8.58, # m } } # ALOS-4 PALSAR-3 # https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/alos-4/a4_about_e.htm ALOS4 = { # orbit (same as ALOS-2) 'altitude' : 628e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.9, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 14, # day, (15-3/14 rev/day) } # SAOCOM-1A/B stripmap # from Giudici et al. (2017) and # https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/s/saocom # https://www.eoportal.org/satellite-missions/saocom SAOCOM = { # orbit 'altitude' : 619.6e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.86, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 16, # day, single satellite # sar / antenna 'carrrier_frequency' : 1.27414e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 10, # m 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 4545, # Hz 'sampling_frequency' : 50.0e6, # Hz } # LuTan-1 (stripmap mode) # Table 1 from Liu et al. (2022, EUSAR) at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9944327 # preliminary version: the azimuth bandwidth/frequency/pixelsize might change LT1 = { # orbit 'altitude' : 607e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 97.8, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 8, # day, single satellite # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.26e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 9.8, # m 'antenna_width' : 3.4, # m 'doppler_bandwidth' : 2544, # Hz 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 2934, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 60.0e6, # Hz 'azimuth_pixel_size' : 2.35, # m 'range_pixel_size' : 1.67, # m 'azimuth_resolution' : 7.15, # m 'range_resolution' : 2.50, # m } # NISAR # https://nisar.jpl.nasa.gov/system/documents/files/26_NISAR_FINAL_9-6-19.pdf NISAR_L = { # orbit 'altitude' : 747e3, # m, mean value 'orbit_inclination' : 98.4, # deg 'repeat_cycle' : 12, # day # sar / antenna 'carrier_frequency' : 1.257e9, # Hz 'antenna_length' : 12, # m 'pulse_repetition_frequency' : 1650, # Hz 'chirp_bandwidth' : 80.0e6, # Hz 'range_pixel_size' : { '24MHz' : 6.25, # m '44MHz' : 3.41, # m '80MHz' : 1.87, # m } } SENSOR_DICT = { # X-band 'tsx' : TSX, 'csk' : CSK, 'ksat5' : KSAT5, 'iceye' : ICEYE, # C-band 'ers' : ERS, 'env' : ENV, 'sen' : SEN, 'rsat1' : RSAT1, 'rsat2' : RSAT2, 'rcm' : RCM, 'gf3' : GF3, # L-band 'jers' : JERS, 'alos' : ALOS, 'alos2' : ALOS2, 'alos4' : ALOS4, 'lt1' : LT1, 'ni' : NISAR_L, }